 | Wildpro | Species | Chemicals | Physical | "How to..." | Diseases | Environments | Refs & Gloss. | Help |  |
| Chemicals / Complex Chemical Agents/ Chemical: |
| Zidovudine |
| GENERAL CHEMICAL INFORMATION | THERAPEUTIC INFORMATION [DOSE, FREQUENCY & ROUTE] |
|
| TOXICITY INFORMATION | ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION |
|
General Chemical Information
| Summary |
|---|
| Thymidine analogue, commonly known as AZT, used in the treatment of HIV infection. |
| Names and Formulae | |
|---|---|
| Type | Nucleoside analogue (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, NRTI). (B567.99.w99) |
| Alternative Names | Azidothymidine, AZT, ZDV, RetrovirŪ, BW A509U. (B567.99.w99, J549.30.w1) 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine, (B567.99.w99) 3'-azido-2',3'dideoxythymidine. (J549.30.w1) |
| Chemical Formula | 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine; it contains a 3'-azido group instead of a 3'-hydroxyl group. (B567.99.w99) |
| Chemical Structure | -- |
| Molecular Weight | -- |
| Related Chemicals | -- |
| Physical Properties / Chemistry | |
|---|---|
| Appearance |
White crystalline solid. (B567.99.w99) |
| Melting point | 119-121 °C. (B567.99.w99) |
| Boiling point | -- |
| Density | -- |
| Water solubility | 20 mg/mL. (B567.99.w99) |
| Other solubility | -- |
| Acid/Base | -- |
| Pharmacology & General Information | |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology | Converted to mono-, di- than triphosphate form by cellular phosphorylase enzymes. AZT triphosphate is incorporated into viral DNA chains at the 3' end by viral reverse transcriptase, terminating the chain. (B567.99.w99, J549.30.w1) |
| Storage / Stability | -- |
| Legal Category (In UK) | -- |
| References | |
|---|---|
Associated Techniques |
-- |
ORGANISATIONS |
-- |
ELECTRONIC LIBRARY |
-- |
| Authors | Debra Bourne MA VetMB PhD MRCVS (V.w5) |
| Referees | -- |
Therapeutic Information
| Uses/Indications | |
|---|---|
| Activity | |
| Appropriate Use |
|
| Limitations |
|
| Notes | -- |
| Pharmacokinetics and Drug Interactions | |
|---|---|
| Absorption /Bioavailability |
|
| Distribution |
|
| Plasma Protein binding / Storage | -- |
| Elimination Route | |
| Elimination half-life / Clearance Rate | |
| Drug Interactions | -- |
| Administration | |
|---|---|
| Formulations available | Capsules containing 100 mg; also intravenous and syrup formulations. (B567.99.w99) |
| Doses / Administration Routes / Frequencies | |
| Monitoring parameters | -- |
| Withdrawal period / Withholding time | |
|---|---|
| Notes | -- |
Toxic Information
| Toxic effects of Pharmaceutical Products | |
|---|---|
| Contraindications / Precautions |
|
| Adverse Effects / Side Effects / Warnings |
|
| Operator Warnings | -- |
| Overdose / Acute Toxicity | -- |
| Detailed Toxicological Information | |
|---|---|
| Classification | -- |
| Acute Toxicity | -- |
| Chronic Toxicity | -- |
| Reproductive effects |
|
| Teratogenic effects | -- |
| Mutagenic effects | -- |
| Carcinogenic effects |
|
| Organ toxicity | -- |
| Bird Toxicity | -- |
| Aquatic organism activity | -- |
| Other organism toxicity | -- |
Nutrient Information
| Nutritional Data | |
|---|---|
| Sources | -- |
| Biological Use | -- |
| Recommended Daily Allowance / Recommended level in food | -- |
| Stability in food (Storage time) | -- |
| Interactions | -- |
External / Environmental Information
| External / Environmental Uses | |
|---|---|
| Use | -- |
| Formulation | -- |
| Application method | -- |
| Application Concentration | -- |
| Persistence of Effect / Frequency of Application | -- |
| Sources in the Environment | |
|---|---|
| Natural sources | -- |
| Human-associated sources |
-- |
| Effects on the Environment | |
|---|---|
| Effects in the aquatic environment |
-- |
| Effects on land | -- |
| Persistence in the Environment | |
|---|---|
| Breakdown in soil and groundwater |
-- |
| Breakdown in water | -- |
| Breakdown in vegetation | -- |