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< > Haem6 - Normal Haematology Values for Helarctos malayanus - Sun bear

Reference Values

(Please note that the references are given in the units in the original publication and that "SD+" represents "Standard Deviation" Reference ranges are only as good as the data entered, and as consistent as the laboratory standards allow. Users should use their professional judgement in viewing these values

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Parameter

Units

 Ref 1.
Mean +/- SD		 Ref 1.
Range		 Ref 2.
Range		 Ref 3a.
Mean +/- 		Ref 3a.
Range		 Ref 3b.
Mean +/- SE		 Ref 3b.
Range		 Ref 4. Ref 5.
Mean +/- SD

Units

 Parameter
Haemoglobin g/litre                   g/litre Haemoglobin
g/dl 14.4 +/- 1.8 7.8 - 19.0 11.1 - 16.8         14.0  13.0 +/- 0.0 g/dl
mmol/L       5.9 +/- 0.6  4.8 - 6.8 9.3 +/- 1.2 6.5 - 11.7 8.7   mmol/L
RBC
(Erythrocyte)
count		 x1012/l       4.28 +/- 0.83 3.15 - 5.54 7.00 +/- 1.19 4.87 - 9.21     x1012/l RBC
(Erythrocyte)
count
x106/mm3                 5.05 +/- 0.35 x106/mm3
x106/μl 6.02 +/- 0.66 4.25 - 7.79 4.62 - 6.78         4.12 - 5.40   x106/μl
PCV (Haematocrit) l/l       0.327 +/- 0.56 0.27 - 0.36 0.46 +/- 0.21 0.37 - 0.56     l/l PCV (Haematocrit)
% 41.4 +/- 4.9 30.0 - 58.0 35 - 53         37, 42 36.7 +/- 2.1 %
MCV fl (or μm3) 69.4 +/- 5.3 46.9 +/- 98.8 66 - 78           73.5 +/- 10.6 fl (or μm3) MCV
MCH pg/cell 24.3 +/- 1.3 18.6 - 27.9 23 - 25           25.8 +/- 1.3 (μμg) pg/cell MCH
mg/dl                   mg/dl
MCHC g/dl 34.9 +/- 2.8 24.4 - 51.0 32 - 35           35.5 +/- 2.0 % g/dl MCHC
Tot. WBC
(Leukocytes)		 x106/l       17.9 +/- 3.8 14.7 - 21.2 8.2 +/- 1.7 8.1 - 10.6     x106/l Tot. WBC
(Leukocytes)
x103/μl (x103/mm3) 11.07 +/- 3.97 5.22 - 27.90 11.2 - 23.2         4.8 - 9.7 10.14 +/- 1.54 x103/μl (x103/mm3)
Neutrophils x109/l                   x109/l Neutrophils
%       36.7 +/- 13.4
(bands 7 +/- 5.4)		 24 - 47
(bands 3 - 18)		 66.2 +/- 15.7
(bands 4.3 +/- 4.3)		 35 - 84
(bands 0 - 12)		 64, 58
(bands 6, 0)		   %
x103/μl 7.297 +/- 3.761 
(bands 0.536 +/- 2.279) 		 0.023 - 23.70 
(bands 0.0 - 14.7)		             7.70 +/- 1.03 x103/μl (x103/mm3)
Lymphocytes x109/l                   x109/l Lymphocytes
%       48.7 +/- 5.3 46 - 54 21.8 +/- 5.2 11 - 42 23, 38   %
x103/μl 1.996 +/- 1.545 0.002 - 10.20             1.92 +/- 0.15 x103/μl (x103/mm3)
Monocytes x109/l                   x109/l Monocytes
%       6.7 +/- 5.3 4 - 12 5.3 +/- 4.4 0 - 14 5, 2   %
x103/μl 0.507 +/- 0.406 0.0 - 2.24             0.47 +/- 0.15 x103/μl (x103/mm3)
Eosinophils x109/l                   x109/l Eosinophils
%       1 0 - 3 2.2 0 - 5 2, 2   %
x103/μl 0.453 +/- 0.4232 0.0 - 2.034             0.0 +/- 0.0 x103/μl (x103/mm3)
Basophils x109/l                   x109/l Basophils
%       0   0.17 0 - 1     %
x103/μl 0.037 +/- 0.084 0.0 - 0.248             0.06 +/- 0.08 x103/μl (x103/mm3)
Platelets x109/l                   x109/l Platelets
x103/μl 529 +/- 191 58-862               x103/μl (x103/mm3)
Plasma protein g/dl                 8.2

 

 g/dl Plasma protein
Plasma fibrinogen mg/dl                   mg/dl Plasma fibrinogen
Erythrocyte sedimentation 
rate (ESR)		 %                   % Erythrocyte sedimentation 
rate (ESR)

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Reference 1.
Wildpro Data Source B336.51.w51
Ref Title Ursidae and Hyenidae
Ref Author(s) Ramsay, E.C.
Animal Details --
Laboratory Techniques --
Comments Data from ISIS, October 1999

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Reference 2.

Wildpro Data Source J460.22.w1
Ref Title Hematology of the Ursidae
Ref Author(s) Seal, U.S., Swaim, W.R., Erickson, A.W.
Animal Details Two adult females sampled in January, a yearling female sampled in late November and a male cub sampled in late November, in North American zoos.
Laboratory Techniques --
Comments --

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Reference 3.
Wildpro Data Source P5.30.w2
Ref Title Blood count and biochemistry of blood serum of polar bear (Thalarctos maritimus) and Malayan sun bear (Helarctos malayanus)
Ref Author(s) Stuhrberg, E.
Animal Details a) Cubs, three months old; six samples.

b) Adults; nine samples.
Laboratory Techniques --
Comments --

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Reference 4.
Wildpro Data Source P5.30.w3
Ref Title Weitere Hamatologische und Biochemische Befunde von Gesunden und Kranken Ursiden (Thalarctos maritimus, Ursus arctos und Helarctos malayanus) [Additional heamatological and biochemical findings recorded from clinically intact and pathologically affected ursine animals (Thalarctos maritimus, Ursus arctos and Helarctos malayanus)]
Ref Author(s) Kuntze, A., Hunsdorff, P. & Kuntze, C.
Animal Details Two samples from a female bear.
Laboratory Techniques --
Comments --

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Reference 5.
Wildpro Data Source J1.19.w14
Ref Title Use of dissociative anesthetics for the immobilization of captive bears: blood gas, hematology and biochemistry values
Ref Author(s) Bush, M., Custer, R.S. & Smith, E.E.
Animal Details Two bears (one male, one female) at the National Zoo, Washington, D.C., USA.
Laboratory Techniques --
Comments --

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Other Major Databases with Reference Values
Some database systems generate normal values on an on-going basis, and some organisations publish information within animal management guidelines. As the normal values do vary as more information is added, the links to these databases are provided, rather than incorporating the actual data.

Some of these databases do charge for access, or may have restricted access and enquiries should be made directly to the database providers.

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