Guidelines for Arbovirus Surveillance Programs in the United States
For contact details regarding publication see Title Page

CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. SURVEILLANCE RECOMMENDATIONS

3. EASTERN EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS

Introduction
Meteorologic Data Monitoring
Vector Surveillance
Aedes albopictus
Aedes canadensis
Aedes sollicitans
Aedes vexans
Coquillettidia perturbans
Culex nigripalpus
Culex salinarius
Culiseta melanura
Vertebrate Host Surveillance
Introduction
Meteorologic Data Monitoring
Vector Surveillance
Aedes canadensis
Aedes communis
Aedes dorsalis
Aedes melanimon
Aedes stimulans
Aedes triseriatus
Culiseta inornata
Vertebrate Host Surveillance

4. LA CROSSE AND RELATED CALIFORNIA SEROGROUP VIRUSES

Introduction
Meteorologic Data Monitoring
Vector Surveillance
Aedes canadensis:
Aedes communis:
Aedes dorsalis:
Aedes melanimon:
Aedes stimulans:
Aedes triseriatus:
Culiseta inornata:
Vertebrate Host Surveillance
Gaps in current knowledge of LAC and other California serogroup viruses

5. ST. LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS

Introduction
Meteorologic Data Monitoring
Culex pipiens-borne St Louis encephalitis
Culex tarsalis-borne St Louis encephalitis
Vector Surveillance
Culex restuans
Culex salinarius
Culex nigripalpus
Culex pipiens complex
Culex tarsalis
Vertebrate Host Surveillance

6 WESTERN EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS

Introduction
Meteorologic Data Monitoring
Vector Surveillance
Aedes melanimon
Culex tarsalis
Vertebrate Host Surveillance

APPENDIX I

CASE DEFINITIONS AND SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS FOR ARBOVIRAL ENCEPHALITIS

APPENDIX II

TECHNIQUES AND EQUIPMENT FOR ADULT MOSQUITO SURVEYS
Resting Populations
Non-attractant traps
Animal baits, attractants and landing/biting collections
Light traps
Oviposition traps

APPENDIX III

VERTEBRATE SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS
Types of Surveillance Systems
Examples of Vertebrate Surveillance Programs
Examples of Vertebrate Species Used in Surveillance Programs

ENDNOTE LIST

REFERENCES