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| Diseases / List of Parasitic Diseases / Disease description: |
Cyathocotyle bushiensis (Intestinal Fluke) Infection in Waterfowl |
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General and References
Disease Summary |
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| WATERFOWL | Trematode (fluke) infection
of the lower intestine and caecae which may cause mucosal damage, haemorrhage into the
caecae, weight loss and death. N. B. See also: (Sphaeridiotrema (Intestinal Fluke) Infection); (Intestinal Fluke Infestation) |
Alternative Names (Synonyms) |
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Disease Type |
| Parasitic - Tapeworms and Flukes |
Infectious/Non-Infectious Agent associated with the Disease |
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| Trematode
(fluke) Cyathocotyle bushiensis. N. B. See also: (Sphaeridiotrema (Intestinal Fluke) Infection); (Intestinal Fluke Infestation) |
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Infective "Taxa" |
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Non-infective agents |
-- |
Physical agents |
-- Indirect / Secondary |
Disease Author |
Debra Bourne |
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Major References / Reviews |
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Code and Title List |
J1.24.w3, B36.35.w35 |
Other References |
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Code and Title List |
-- |
Clinical Characteristics and Pathology
Detailed Clinical and Pathological Characteristics |
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General |
WATERFOWL | Decreased weight gain,
weight loss, dehydration and death associated with intestinal lesions, particularly in the
caeca. N. B. See also: (Sphaeridiotrema (Intestinal Fluke) Infection); (Intestinal Fluke Infestation) |
Clinical
Characteristics |
WATERFOWL | Decreased weight gain, weight loss, dehydration, death (B36.35.w35). |
Incubation |
WATERFOWL | Haemorrhage and plaque formation by as soon as five days post infection (B36.35.w35). |
Mortality / Morbidity |
WATERFOWL | Mortality may occur from as few as 32 flukes in a duckling (B36.35.w35). |
Pathology |
WATERFOWL | Caeca - haemorrhagic spots (points of attachment of Cyathocotyl bushiensis on mucosa) haemorrhage into lumen, formation of caseous plaques on the wall of the caeca; later formation of caseous (cheesy) cores in lumen) (J1.24.w3, B36.35.w35). |
Human Health Considerations |
| None (B36.35.w35). |
Susceptibility / Transmission
General information on Susceptibility / Transmission |
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| WATERFOWL |
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Disease / Agent has been reported in either the wild or in captivity in: |
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WATERFOWL Host Species List |
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Disease / Agent has been specifically reported in Free-ranging populations of: |
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WATERFOWL Host Species List |
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Environment/Geography
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General Information on Environmental Factors/Events and Seasonality |
| Limited by the distribution of the intermediate host snail Bithynia tentaculata; found in England and in the USA within the Great Lakes Basin (B36.35.w35) |
Regions / Countries where the Infectious Agent or Disease has been recorded |
| USA, Canada, UK (B36.35.w35). |
Regions / Countries where the Infectious Agent or Disease has been recorded in Free-ranging populations |
| USA, Canada (B36.35.w35). |
General Investigation / Diagnosis
General Information on Investigation / Diagnosis |
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| WATERFOWL | Presence of Cyathocotyl bushiensis trematodes in association with lesions and clinical signs. |
| Related Techniques | |
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Similar Diseases (Differential Diagnosis) |
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| WATERFOWL | -- |
Treatment and Control
Specific Medical Treatment |
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| WATERFOWL | -- |
| Related Techniques | -- |
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General Nursing and Surgical Techniques |
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| WATERFOWL | -- |
| Related Techniques | -- |
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Preventative Measures |
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| Vaccination | WATERFOWL | -- |
| Prophylactic Treatment | WATERFOWL |
-- |
| Related Techniques |
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Environmental and Population Control Measures |
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| General Environment Changes, Cleaning and Disinfection | WATERFOWL |
Prevention of birds from feeding on intermediate hosts (B36.35.w35). |
| Population Control Measures | WATERFOWL | --
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| Isolation, Quarantine and Screening | WATERFOWL | -- |
| Related Techniques |
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